Wealthy nations may dedicate rich inputs to innovation while less affluent ones must act parsimoniously. The sheer inputs value weighs heavily in innovation, but the degree of efficiency in using whatever inputs are available is far from being negligible. The chart is divided in four quadrants by the medians.
» Upper left quadrant: efficient lightweights. This group puts out a performance above the median, by effectively using inputs below the median. Lesotho, Philippines, Thailand or Viet Nam find themselves here.
» Upper right quadrant: efficient heavyweights. Both performance and inputs are above the median. Switzerland, Korea, Japan and the United States are examples.
» Lower left quadrant: inefficient lightweights. Nations in this group suffer from a double jeopardy, with both innovation inputs and performance below the median. This is the case of Zimbabwe, Burundi, Venezuela, Uruguay or Syria.
» Lower right quadrant: inefficient heavyweights. With an innovation performance below the median in spite of inputs above the median, these nations are unable to use effectively their entitlement. Nations like Bulgaria and Romania, or Turkey and Mexico, or Saudi Arabia and Oman are in this quadrant.
The case of China is worth mentioning. With inputs barely above the median, China delivers an outstanding performance, and more than exceeds its entitlement, rising to the 2nd rank of the most efficient input users. It leaves far behind the other members of the group of emergent world powers known as BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) that rank meekly between the 50th and the 73rd places.
Utilisation of Innovation Inputs | ||||
Rank | Country | Innovation | Innovation | Innovation |
| 1 | Lesotho | -1.01 | 0.59 | 160 |
| 2 | China | 0.07 | 1.32 | 125 |
| 3 | Philippines | -0.76 | 0.48 | 124 |
| 4 | Switzerland | 1.51 | 2.74 | 123 |
| 5 | Japan | 1.16 | 2.25 | 109 |
| 6 | Luxembourg | 0.94 | 2 | 106 |
| 7 | Cameroon | -1.77 | -0.74 | 103 |
| 8 | Viet Nam | -1.09 | -0.16 | 93 |
| 9 | Ethiopia | -1.16 | -0.27 | 89 |
| 10 | United States | 1.28 | 2.16 | 88 |
| 11 | Malta | -0.21 | 0.59 | 80 |
| 12 | Korea, Republic of | 1.75 | 2.55 | 80 |
| 13 | Burundi | -1.82 | -1.12 | 70 |
| 14 | Burkina Faso | -1.25 | -0.59 | 66 |
| 15 | Benin | -1.55 | -0.89 | 66 |
| 16 | Colombia | -0.95 | -0.3 | 65 |
| 17 | Sweden | 1.25 | 1.88 | 63 |
| 18 | Trinidad and Tobago | -0.42 | 0.2 | 62 |
| 19 | Kazakhstan | -0.51 | 0.07 | 58 |
| 20 | Pakistan | -1.04 | -0.51 | 53 |
| 21 | Thailand | -0.12 | 0.35 | 47 |
| 22 | Nepal | -1.23 | -0.77 | 46 |
| 23 | Ireland | 1.59 | 1.99 | 40 |
| 24 | Venezuela | -1.5 | -1.1 | 40 |
| 25 | Costa Rica | -0.57 | -0.18 | 39 |
| 26 | Zambia | -1.4 | -1.03 | 37 |
| 27 | Hong Kong SAR | 1.61 | 1.97 | 36 |
| 28 | Peru | -1.18 | -0.85 | 33 |
| 29 | South Africa | 0.15 | 0.47 | 32 |
| 30 | Ecuador | -1.21 | -0.91 | 30 |
| 31 | Uganda | -1.05 | -0.78 | 27 |
| 32 | Albania | -0.58 | -0.34 | 24 |
| 33 | Armenia | -0.75 | -0.52 | 23 |
| 34 | Greece | 0.01 | 0.23 | 22 |
| 35 | Bolivia | -1.08 | -0.87 | 21 |
| 36 | Namibia | -1.12 | -0.92 | 20 |
| 37 | Senegal | -1.11 | -0.91 | 20 |
| 38 | Nicaragua | -1.22 | -1.02 | 20 |
| 39 | Tajikistan | -1.04 | -0.86 | 18 |
| 40 | Indonesia | -0.63 | -0.46 | 17 |
| 41 | Algeria | -0.87 | -0.7 | 17 |
| 42 | Australia | 0.89 | 1.05 | 16 |
| 43 | Netherlands | 1.4 | 1.55 | 15 |
| 44 | Sri Lanka | -0.61 | -0.46 | 15 |
| 45 | Zimbabwe | -1.63 | -1.48 | 15 |
| 46 | Iceland | 2 | 2.14 | 14 |
| 47 | Panama | -0.48 | -0.34 | 14 |
| 48 | Spain | 0.83 | 0.95 | 12 |
| 49 | Malaysia | 1.01 | 1.12 | 11 |
| 50 | Brazil | -0.62 | -0.51 | 11 |
| 51 | Botswana | -0.5 | -0.4 | 10 |
| 52 | Israel | 1.26 | 1.35 | 9 |
| 53 | Madagascar | -1.15 | -1.06 | 9 |
| 54 | Italy | 0.16 | 0.24 | 8 |
| 55 | Argentina | -0.96 | -0.9 | 6 |
| 56 | Finland | 1.76 | 1.81 | 5 |
| 57 | Germany | 1.05 | 1.09 | 4 |
| 58 | United Kingdom | 1.33 | 1.37 | 4 |
| 59 | Egypt | -0.46 | -0.43 | 3 |
| 60 | Syrian Arab Republic | -0.99 | -0.98 | 1 |
| 61 | Nigeria | -0.91 | -0.9 | 1 |
| 62 | Morocco | -0.55 | -0.54 | 1 |
| 63 | Jamaica | -0.72 | -0.72 | 0 |
| 64 | Guatemala | -0.94 | -0.96 | -2 |
| 65 | Denmark | 1.55 | 1.5 | -5 |
| 66 | Belgium | 0.85 | 0.79 | -6 |
| 67 | Azerbaijan | -0.48 | -0.54 | -6 |
| 68 | Canada | 1.39 | 1.32 | -7 |
| 69 | Cyprus | 0.64 | 0.56 | -8 |
| 70 | New Zealand | 0.79 | 0.69 | -10 |
| 71 | Kenya | -0.91 | -1.02 | -11 |
| 72 | Russian Federation | -0.02 | -0.16 | -14 |
| 73 | India | 0.14 | -0.02 | -16 |
| 74 | France | 1.17 | 0.96 | -21 |
| 75 | Honduras | -0.64 | -0.85 | -21 |
| 76 | Jordan | -0.04 | -0.26 | -22 |
| 77 | Slovenia | 0.47 | 0.24 | -23 |
| 78 | El Salvador | -0.59 | -0.88 | -29 |
| 79 | Mongolia | -0.71 | -1.01 | -30 |
| 80 | Uruguay | -0.76 | -1.06 | -30 |
| 81 | Chile | 0.36 | 0.04 | -32 |
| 82 | Georgia | -0.48 | -0.88 | -40 |
| 83 | Kyrgyzstan | -0.54 | -0.95 | -41 |
| 84 | Paraguay | -0.63 | -1.07 | -44 |
| 85 | Croatia | 0.21 | -0.26 | -47 |
| 86 | Latvia | 0.38 | -0.14 | -52 |
| 87 | Mexico | 0.11 | -0.42 | -53 |
| 88 | Austria | 1.38 | 0.81 | -57 |
| 89 | Ukraine | -0.13 | -0.73 | -60 |
| 90 | Hungary | 0.8 | 0.18 | -62 |
| 91 | Poland | 0.22 | -0.44 | -66 |
| 92 | Turkey | 0.15 | -0.55 | -70 |
| 93 | Portugal | 0.92 | 0.22 | -70 |
| 94 | Bulgaria | 0.23 | -0.48 | -71 |
| 95 | Qatar | 0.86 | 0.13 | -73 |
| 96 | Norway | 1.48 | 0.7 | -78 |
| 97 | Kuwait | 0.46 | -0.35 | -81 |
| 98 | Singapore | 2.74 | 1.92 | -82 |
| 99 | Oman | 0.27 | -0.56 | -83 |
| 100 | Mauritius | 0.48 | -0.36 | -84 |
| 101 | Tunisia | 0.57 | -0.3 | -87 |
| 102 | Czech Republic | 0.88 | -0.1 | -98 |
| 103 | Romania | 0.22 | -0.77 | -99 |
| 104 | Slovakia | 0.72 | -0.31 | -103 |
| 105 | Moldova | -0.24 | -1.28 | -104 |
| 106 | Bahrain | 0.78 | -0.26 | -104 |
| 107 | Macedonia, FYR | -0.13 | -1.17 | -104 |
| 108 | Lithuania | 0.71 | -0.4 | -111 |
| 109 | Estonia | 1.5 | 0.29 | -121 |
| 110 | Saudi Arabia | 0.57 | -0.79 | -136 |
| ¹ Include fiscal, education, trade, intellectual property, immigration and other policies supporting R&D; and an innovation supportive environment, e.g. workforce quality, infrastructure, business surroundings. | ||||
| ² Includes outputs of R&D, e.g. investment, patents, publications, knowledge transfer, commercialisation of innovation; businesss performance in terms of hi-tech exports, labour productivity or market capitalisation; and public impact of innovation, e.g. employment improvement, economic growth, business migration. | ||||
| ³ areppim developed Innovation Efficiency Index = ( Innovation Inputs Index - Innovation Performance Index ) × 100. | ||||
Sources: see Manufacturing Institute.
